论诗的用字艺术

On the Use of Words in Poetry

诗歌是语言的精粹,诗歌是最语言的艺术。诗贵用字。用字如用人。用人要当,是用人的原则;恰当,是用字的标准。然以炼意为上。诗人遣词炼字,不是为了炼字而炼字,而应是结合炼意而炼字。炼字炼意即努力寻找确切而新鲜的比喻、形容词和动词,并使之相互契合,浑然一气。这种专注地寻找的过程,也是遣词用字的过程,艺术创作的过程。

Poetry is the essence of language.Poetry is the most linguistic form of art.Poetry emphasizes the use of words,just like the use of people.The use of people must be proper,just like the use of words.Properness is the principle in the use of words,which prioritizes meaning refinement.Poets’use of words is refined,not for the purpose of refining words,but for refining meanings.Refinement means trying to find the exact and new metaphors,adjectives,and verbs,and to make them fit with each other.This process of focused search is also the process of word use and artistic creation.