黑山派“投射诗”的反叛与创新

The Rebellion and Innovation of Projective Verse of the Black Mountain School

20世纪诗歌史上,以T. S.艾略特、J. C.兰瑟姆等诗人为代表的学院派诗风占据重要地位,被作为诗歌品质判断标准的权威与规范。二战后,黑山派作为第一个反学院派诗歌团体,以查尔斯·奥尔森、罗伯特·克里利、黛尼丝·莱弗托芙等诗人为代表,对学院派诗风发起质疑与挑战。黑山派对学院派的反叛与创新具体体现在诗歌内容、诗歌形式及诗歌情感三个方面。本论文立足诗歌文本,探究黑山派"投射诗"对学院派诗学观念的反叛与创新,旨在拓展黑山派诗歌的研究维度,为深入理解并把握20世纪美国诗歌流派思潮及其走向提供新路径。

Throughout the history of 20 th-century poetry, the style of academicism represented by poets such as T. S. Eliot and J. C. Ransom was honored as the authoritative norm for evaluating poetry. After the Second World War, the Black Mountain School, the first poetry group espousing anti-academicism, represented by poets such as Charles Olson, Robert Creeley, and Denise Levertov, issued a challenge to academicism. The rebellion and innovation of the Black Mountain School is embodied in three aspects: content, form and emotion of poetry. Based on a close reading of poetic texts, this article explores how the projective verse of the Black Mountain School subverted and transcended academicism. It aims to extend the research scope of current study on the poetics of the Black Mountain School, and provide a new understanding of 20 th-century American poetry movements.