增施商品有机肥对青稞产量和养分利用效率的影响

Effects of a Commercial Organic Fertilizer on the Yield and Nutrient Utilization Efficiency of Hulless Barley

采用田间小区试验,研究商品有机肥对青稞产量和养分利用效率的影响。结果表明,随着商品有机肥施用量的增加,青稞籽粒产量呈先增加后减少的趋势。供试商品有机肥施肥量为2250 kg/hm^2时籽粒产量最高,达到5007.5 kg/hm^2,增产幅度为66.2%。氮磷钾肥利用率都随着商品有机肥施用量的增加呈先缓慢升高后快速降低的趋势,最高分别增加7.51、3.13、17.67百分点。由此说明增施商品有机肥可明显增加土壤速效养分含量和有机质含量,对土壤pH值影响不大。综合分析,青稞施用供试商品有机肥,推荐适宜施用量为1500~2250 kg/hm^2。

A field trial was carried out to investigate the effects of the commercial organic fertilizer"Zhufeng 4000"on the yield and nutrient utilization efficiency of the hulless barley cultivar"Zangqing 2000".The trial involved seven treatments that consisted of two control treatments(CK,without any fertilizers;CF,applied only with the chemical fertilizer at 375 kg/hm^2)and five treatments with the organic fertilizer applied at the rates of 750(OF1),1500(OF2),2250(OF3),3000(OF4),and 3750(OF5)kg/hm^2,in addition to the chemical fertilizer applied at 375 kg/hm^2.The results showed that the grain yield of the tested cultivar rose first and then declined with increasing application rate of the organic fertilizer.The greatest increase in grain yield occurred in OF3,which attained the highest yield of 5007.5 kg/hm^2,higher than that of CF by 66.2%.Compared with CF,the N,P and K utilization efficiency of the hulless barley cultivar rose slowly at first and then decreased rapidly with increasing application rate of the organic fertilizer;among the five treatments with the organic fertilizer,OF2 showed the largest increase in N utilization efficiency by 7.51%,and OF3 had the largest rises in P and K utilization efficiency by 3.13%and 17.67%,respectively.Therefore,application of the commercial organic fertilizer significantly elevated the contents of available nutrients and organic matters in soil while having no significant impact on soil pH value.According to the above results,suitable application rates of"Zhufeng 4000"are in the range of 1500~2250 kg/hm^2 for hulless barley production.