医务人员子女入学优惠政策的理性思考:突发事件下设定政府奖励之道

Rational Thinking on the Preferential Policy for the School Enrollment of Medical Staff’s Children:Ways to Set Government Awards in Case of Emergencies

抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎的过程中,广大一线医务人员作出了巨大贡献,各地先后出台医务人员子女入学优惠政策等鼓励措施。各地的文件在出台目的、法律地位上具有相似性,但是在发布主体、具体制度安排上存在较大差异。医务人员子女入学优惠政策属于设定福利的范畴,是与突发事件相关的非应急行政活动,其制度设计并非基于“急时行政”。医务人员子女入学优惠措施不附着于特定的行政活动,而是基于医务人员的利他性道德行为,是为了奖励医务人员在疫情中对国家、社会做出的突出贡献。其虽然具有目的正当性,但仍然存在一些争议与缺陷,如规范性文件涉足公民基本权利,缺乏公众参与等,应从设定主体、具体内容、实施程序和监督等方面予以完善。

In the process of fighting against COVID-19,the vast number of front-line medical staff have made great contributions and various localities have successively introduced incentive measures,such as providing preferential policy for medical staff’s children to enroll in school.The issued documents in different places are similar in purpose and legal status,but there are great differences in the subject of release and specific institutional arrangements.The preferential policy for the school enrollment of medical staff’s children belongs to the category of welfare and is a non-emergency administrative act related to emergencies.Its system design is not based on“emergency administration”.Therefore,the preferential policy for the school enrollment of medical staff’s children is not attached to specific administrative act,but is based on altruistic moral behavior of medical personnel,which means it is to reward their outstanding contributions to the country and society in the epidemic.Although its purpose is justified,it still has some disputes and defects.For example,the normative documents involve the basic rights of citizens and lack public participation.Such preferential policy should be improved from the aspects of the concerned subjects,specific contents,implementation procedures and supervision.