健康信念模式在肺癌合并心力衰竭患者中的应用效果

Effect of health belief model in patients with lung cancer combined with heart failure

目的探讨肺癌合并心力衰竭患者使用健康信念模式对其自我行为管理及生活质量的影响。方法将2016年12月至2018年6月实施常规健康教育模式40例肺癌合并心力衰竭患者作为对照组,将2018年7月至2019年12月实施以健康信念模式为基础的健康教育40例肺癌合并心力衰竭患者作为观察组,两组患者均实施为期9周干预,并进行为期3个月的随访调查。干预前、干预后(3个月随访结束后),采用自我行为管理量表比较两组患者的自我行为管理;自我感受负担量表(SPBS-CP)比较两组患者的自我负担感受;癌症疲乏自评量表(CFS)比较两组患者的癌因性疲乏程度;欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织生命质量测定量表(EORTC QLQ-C30)比较两组患者的生活质量。结果干预前,两组患者自我行为管理量表、SPBS-CP、CFS和EORTC QLQ-C30量表各维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后,两组患者自我行为管理量表、EORTC QLQ-C30量表各维度评分均高于本组干预前,SPBS-CP、CFS量表各维度评分均低于本组干预前,且观察组患者自我行为管理量表、EORTC QLQ-C30量表各维度评分均高于对照组患者,SPBS-CP、CFS量表各维度评分均低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论健康信念模式可提高肺癌合并心力衰竭患者的认知水平,有效维持其健康行为,通过改善自我行为管理,减轻自我负担感受和癌因性疲乏程度,从而提高生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of health belief model on behavioral self-management and quality of life in patients with lung cancer combined with heart failure.Method Totally,80 patients with lung cancer combined with heart failure were included in the analysis,among them,40 patients who were administered with routine health education from December 2016 to June 2018 were grouped as control,and another 40 patients who received interventions based on health belief model from July 2018 to December 2019 were assigned as study group.Patients in both groups were administered with interventions for 9 weeks,and were followed up for 3 months.The scores of behavioral self-management scale,self-perceived burden scale for cancer patients(SPBS-CP),cancer fatigue scale(CFS)and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life scale-30(EORTC QLQ-C30)were compared between the two groups before and after intervention(3 months after follow-up).Result Before intervention,the subscores and total scores of behavioral self-management,SPBS-CP,CFS and EORTC QLQ-30 were similar between the two groups of patients(P>0.05).After intervention,the scores of all dimensions of behavioral self-management scale and EORTC QLQC30 scale were increased,and these scores were higher in study group than in control group;lower scores of SPBS-CP and CFS were observed after intervention,besides,these scores in study group were significantly reduced compared to control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The health belief model can better help lung cancer patients with heart failure to establish good cognitive levels,thus improving health-related behaviors,reducing self-burden and alleviating cancer-related fatigue by ameliorating behavioral self-management,with improved quality of life.