深度贫困地区自我发展能力测算及时空演变--基于“三区三州”的实证分析

Self-development Ability Calculation and Spatio-temporal Evolution in Deeply Impoverished Areas--Empirical analysis based on“Three Districts and Three States”

“三区三州”是中央顶层设计脱贫减贫的重点区域和关键环节。文章采用TOPSIS改进的因子分析法,从四个三级指标测算了“三区三州”2015-2017年的自我发展能力。具体将自我发展能力指数值分为三种类型,数据表明在研究区间内“三区三州”的整体自我发展能力不断提高,但综合分值存在较大波动,地区之间区域协同性较差,内部自我协调能力相对较弱。采用Jenks最佳自然断裂法分析“三区三州”贫困地区的时空演化特征,研究发现“三区三州”的整体自我发展能力指数呈现东北—西南逐步增加的态势,且不同年份之间演化趋势也不相同。因此,要根据各系统内部的制约因素,因地制宜地提高“三区三州”自我发展能力,多渠道加大教育扶贫投入,改善农业生产经营环境,全方位提升农户的自我脱贫能力。

“Three districts and three states”is a focus area and key link in the top-level design of the central government for poverty alleviation.The article uses TOPSIS improved factor analysis method to measure the self-development ability of the“three districts and three states”from 2015 to 2017 from four third-level indicators.Specifically,the value of the self-development ability index is divided into three types.The data shows that the overall self-development ability of the“three regions and three states”in the study interval continues to improve,but the comprehensive score fluctuates greatly,and the regional synergy between regions is poor.The internal self-coordination ability is relatively weak.Using the Jenks best natural fracture method to analyze the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of the“three regions and three states”poverty-stricken areas,the study found that the“three regions and three states”overall self-development ability index showed a gradual increase in the northeast-southwest trend,and evolved between different years Trends are also different.Therefore,according to the internal constraints of each system,we should improve the self-development ability of the“three districts and three states”according to local conditions,increase investment in education for poverty alleviation through multiple channels,improve the agricultural production and management environment,and comprehensively improve the ability of farmers to lift themselves out of poverty.