长周期地震动输入下大型建筑剪力墙振动台试验

Shaking Table Tests of Shear Wall in Large Buildings under Long-Period Ground Motion

为优化处于长周期地震动输入下的大型建筑剪力墙结构,进行了振动台试验。分析普通地震动与长周期地震动波的区别,证明了长周期地震波具有显著长周期分量的特性。将某一高层酒店剪力墙作为研究案例,设计模拟实验台的构建流程与传感器布局,将建筑模型缩尺比例设置为1∶10。选择CA波、RG波、EL波作为实验用地震波,从位移与结构周期、层间剪力与位移比、易损性以及损失评估等方面对大型建筑剪力墙的抗震性能进行了评估。振动台试验结果表明,在位移相同的情况下,长周期地震波下的建筑极限承载力最小;在经历CA波、RG波、EL波后,模型的自振周期均发生变化,而EL波作用下模型的自振周期始终比基本周期略长;不同地震波下,X、Y向层间剪力变化基本趋于一致;CA波、EL波作用下,X向位移比较为接近,而剪力墙Y向上位移比在三种地震波作用下具有较大差异性;在长周期地震波作用下,大型建筑剪力墙损伤最为严重。

To optimize the shear wall structure of large buildings under long-period ground motion,the shaking table test was carried out.By analyzing the difference between ordinary and long-period seismic waves,it was proved that the long-period seismic waves feature significantly long-period components.Taking the shear wall of a high-rise hotel as the research case,the construction process and sensor layout of the simulation experimental platform were designed,and the scale of the building model was set to 1:10.Moreover,CA wave,RG wave,and EL wave were chosen as the experimental seismic waves,and the seismic performance of shear walls in large buildings was evaluated from many aspects.The results of shaking table test show that under the same displacement,the ultimate bearing capacity of the building under long-period seismic wave was the smallest.Under the CA wave,RG wave,and EL wave,the natural period of the model changed,and under the action of the EL wave the natural period was always slightly longer than the basic period.Under different seismic waves,the interlayer shear force in the X and Y directions tended to be the same.Under the action of the CA wave and EL wave,the X-direction displacement ratios were relatively close,while the Y-direction displacement ratios of shear walls were quite different under the action of the three seismic waves.Under the action of long-period seismic waves,the shear walls of large buildings were most severely damaged.It is hoped that this study can provide the foundation for the shaking table test of the optimization design of shear walls in large buildings.