横县地区835例疑似新生儿ABO溶血病血清学检测结果分析

Serological analysis of ABO hemolytic disease in 835 suspected newborns in hengxian

目的探讨溶血三项实验在新生儿ABO溶血病(HDN)早期诊断中的应用,了解横县地区该病的发病情况,为临床早诊断早治疗提供依据。方法对835例高胆红素血症疑似HDN患儿的血标本,分别进行血型鉴定和红细胞抗体释放试验、血清游离抗体试验、直接抗人球蛋白试验,分析检测结果。结果835例疑似患儿标本中确诊HDN 208例,检出率为24.91%;208例确诊患儿中释放试验、游离试验、直抗试验检测阳性率分别为100.00%、65.38%、23.56%。A型血患儿HDN检出率为27.81%,B型血患儿检出率为22.75%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);男性患儿发病率为24.05%,女性患儿发病率为26.04%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本地区HDN发病率高,O-A母婴溶血病发病率高于O-B母婴,但无性别差异。溶血三项实验能为临床诊断提供可靠的依据,灵敏度释放试验最高,游离试验次之,直抗试验较低。

Objective To explore the application of three hemolysis tests in the early diagnosis of ABO hemolysis disease(HDN)in newborns,to understand the incidence of this disease in hengxian,and to provide a basis for early diagnosis and treatment.Methods Blood type identification,erythrocyte antibody release test,serum free antibody test and direct anti-human globulin test were performed on blood samples of 835 neonates with hyperbilirubinemia suspected of HDN.Results Among the 835 suspected children,a total of 208 newborns were diagnosed with HDN,a detection rate of 24.91%;the positive rates of release test,free test and direct resistance test in 208 diagnosed children were 100.00%,65.38%and 23.56%,respectively.The detection rate of HDN with type A blood was 27.81%,and that of type B blood was 22.75%,the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05);the morbidity of male children was 24.05%and that of female children was 26.04%,the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion The incidence of HDN in this region is high,the incidence of maternal and infant hemolysis in O-A was higher than that in O-B,but it was no gender difference.The three hemolysis tests can provide reliable basis for clinical diagnosis,the sensitivity release test is the highest,the free test is the second,the direct resistance test is lower.