慢性肝病伴发趋化因子异变与结直肠癌肝转移的研究进展

Advances in chronic liver diseases with abnormal chemokine expression and colorectal cancer liver metastasis

近年来,中国结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)发病率快速上升,已成世界第一结直肠癌大国。肝脏局部微环境通过趋化因子-受体轴,募集特定亚群髓系细胞,促进结直肠癌肝转移(colorectal liver metastasis,CRLM)病灶进展。中国大部分CRC患者同时伴发慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)、非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)、酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease,ALD)等非肿瘤性慢性肝脏疾病,上述慢性肝病中也伴随有趋化因子表达的异常改变,其中有部分已被发现与肿瘤转移相关。本文对CRC、CHB、NAFLD及ALD近年来在中国的流行病学变化趋势进行简要回顾,对上述不同类型慢性肝病中所伴发的趋化因子的异常改变进行简要总结。对照已报道与CRLM相关的趋化因子种类及其机制,对不同慢性肝病可能通过类似的趋化因子-髓系细胞途径促进CRLM的发生及其机制进行综述。

The incidence of colorectal cancer(CRC)is increasing rapidly in China.In fact,in 2019,China was the country with the highest CRC case numbers in the world.Specific myeloid cell subsets are recruited into the liver micro-environment via chemokine-receptor axis and facilitate the progression of colorectal liver metastasis(CRLM).In China,many CRC patients suffer concomitant chronic liver diseases,such as chronic hepatitis B(CHB),nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),and alcoholic liver disease(ALD).Aberrant expression of chemokines is observed in these chronic liver diseases,and some of them have been associated with cancer metastasis.Here,first,we review the recent epidemiological trends of CRC,CHB,NAFLD,and ALD in China,briefly summarizing the abnormal chemokine changes in these chronic liver diseases.Furthermore,we review the potential mechanisms that may explain how different chronic liver diseases facilitate CRLM,focusing on the chemokine-myeloid cell subsets axis,which has been previously reported to be related to CRLM.