“被土壤束缚的中国”--生态农业中的技术、资本与伦理

“Soil-bound China”:Technology,Capital and Ethics in Ecological Agriculture

"被土壤束缚的中国"已成为当下农业种植与食品安全领域的核心问题。通过讨论影响土壤改良中的多重因素,将自然性、技术性的农业种植与农夫的信念伦理及农法背后关于人是什么、人与土壤关系、人应如何行动的人观和伦理原则关联起来分析,可以拓展并补充农业研究传统中未被关注的农业种植与伦理过程分析。在农业种植结构性条件变化背景下,农场特殊性的自然风土、具个人特殊性的觉察力及农法所建构的人观知识和伦理原则,使得生态农夫在土壤改良中成为彻底的个人主义者。与利奥波德消极共生意义的土地伦理相比,生态农夫们的"土壤伦理"在明显的自我道德设定上确立其认知和行动的积极性质,进而区别于"无公德个人"的中国个体主义观察。

After“earth-bound China”,“soil-bound China”has become the core issue in the field of agricultural cultivation and food safety.This paper first discusses the multiple factors affecting soil amelioration,and then examines the ignored connection between natural and technical agricultural planting on the one hand and farmers belief ethics and ethical implication of farming methods on the other,including the nature of human beings and human conduct,and the tie between people and soil.With the change of the structural conditions of agricultural planting,an ecological farmer has totally become an individualist in soil improvement due to the special natural terroir of the farm,the personal perception,and the knowledge and ethical principles constructed by farming methods.Compared with Leopold's land ethics of negative symbiosis,the“soil ethics”of ecological farmers establishes the positive nature of their cognition and action in the obvious autonomic moral setting,which is different from the Chinese individualism of“an individual short of public virtues”.