突发公共事件应急管理的社会动员机制构建研究

The Construction and Improvement of Social Mobilization Mechanism in Public Emergency Management

有效动员社会成员参与到突发公共事件应急管理过程中,是打赢应急处置战的关键。通过分析社会动员的特点、方式及变迁,以及社会动员在应急管理中的作用,可以发现:在社会动员发起者和被动员者之间能够建立一种相互合作的规则,以促进和维持双方的积极参与和合作,从而实现突发事件应急处置中社会动员过程的规范化、制度化。为完善社会动员机制,应从预防准备、监测预警、响应处置、善后恢复四个方面着手,促进社会力量有序参与突发公共事件应急管理过程。

The key to win the emergency response war is to effectively mobilize social members to participate in the emergency management.This paper analyzes the characteristics,ways and changes of social mobilization and the role of social mobilization in emergency management.We find that a rule of mutual cooperation should be established between the initiator and the mobilized to promote,maintain and restrict the active participation of all parties in the process of mobilization.In this way,we can standardize,institutionalize and legalize social mobilization.In order to improve the social mobilization mechanism,we should focus on four aspects:the initiator,the mobilized,the mobilization process and the mobilization results.These will provide some references for the social forces to participate in the emergency response.