韩国应对新冠肺炎疫情危机的举措及其启示

What We Can Learn from South Korea s Response to the COVID-19 Epidemic

面对新冠肺炎疫情及其引发的多重危机,韩国在卫生防疫领域拥有有利条件,但在经济和政治领域面临严峻挑战。韩国通过营造以“科学”“共同体”“参与”“协商”为核心的社会舆论、引导社会有序参与、积极提升政府公信力等举措,在较短时间内有效控制了新冠肺炎疫情蔓延,同时赢得了社会支持。通过分析韩国应对新冠肺炎疫情危机的举措发现,面临这一“不确定”的新危机,政府在危机应对过程中的话语构建变得更加重要;在危机应对的多元参与进程中须协调好责权利关系;“民主参与”与“民主协商”文化是危机中政府、社会成功协作的基础。

Facing the COVID-19 epidemic crisis,South Korea has favorable conditions in the field of health and epidemic prevention,but faces severe challenges in the economic and political fields.By taking such measures as guiding the orderly participation of the society by creating a public opinion environment with“science”,“community”,“participation”and“consultation”as the core and actively improving the credibility of the government,it effectively controls the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic in a short run and wins social support.This study analyzes its response to the COVID-19 epidemic crisis and finds that in response to such“uncertain”new crisis,the government s discourse construction becomes more important;In the process of multiple participation in crisis response,it is necessary to coordinate the relationship between responsibility and rights;The culture of democratic participation and democratic consultation is the basis for the successful cooperation between the government and society in the crisis.