俄日殖民时期大连港口建设探析(1898-1945)

On the Construction of Dalian Port in the Colonial Period of Russia and Japan(1898-1945)

1898年,沙俄迫使清政府签订《中俄旅大租地条约》,包括大连港在内的旅大地区开始沦为沙俄的租借地。侵吞大连港后开始对其不断地建设和完竣,以便进行殖民掠夺,列强对港口的争夺从未付之阙如。1905年,日本在日俄战争获胜后接管大连港,拘囿于掠夺东北丰富的资源和大力发展殖民贸易,开始大举建设大连港,实施一系列政策制度,开启了港口和城市的近代化征程。但无论是俄占时期还是日据时代,大连港都成为殖民掠夺、资本输出的工具,不啻为其“国中之国”的象征。认清历史呈现的不同面相,以史为鉴,方为根蒂。

In 1898,tsarist Russia forced the Qing government to sign the Sino-Russian Treaty of Land Lease in Dalian and Lvshun,and the Dalian and Lvshun area including Dalian Port began to become the leased land of tsarist Russia.After the annexation of Dalian Port,Russia began to build and complete it continuously for the purpose of colonial plunder.In 1905,Japan took over Dalian Port after the victory of the Japanese-Russian war.Aiming to plunder the rich resources of Northeast China and vigorously develop colonial trade,Japan began to build Dalian Port in a large scale,implemented a series of policies and systems,and promoted the modernization of the port and city.However,in both Russian occupation and Japanese occupation,Dalian Port became a tool of colonial plunder and capital export,as well as a symbol of its"country within a country".We should recognize the different aspects of history and take history as a mirror.