基于PSR模型的三门峡库区湿地生态系统健康评价

Assessment on ecosystem health of Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland based on PSR model

为评价三门峡库区湿地生态健康状况,基于PSR模型,从压力、状态、响应3个层面构建了包括人口密度、水体面积、湿地管理水平等15个指标的湿地生态系统健康评价指标体系,采用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法计算指标权重和指标隶属度,将湿地生态系统健康状况划分为"健康、亚健康、脆弱、病态、疾病"5个等级,根据综合评价指数确定三门峡库区湿地生态系统健康状况。结果表明,2017年三门峡库区湿地生态系统健康综合评价指数为0.696,处于"脆弱"等级,接近"亚健康"状态;压力、状态、响应3个目标层中,状态层的约束性最强(0.548 5),响应层次之(0.241 0),压力层最弱(0.210 5);在15个评价指标中,物质供应、生态环境恢复、科研娱乐和湿地受胁迫程度是影响三门峡库区湿地生态系统健康状况的主要因素。

In order to assess the ecosystem health of Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland, we construct a wetland ecosystem health assessment index system with 15 indexes, including population density, water area, wetland management level, etc. from 3 levels of pressure, state and response based on Pressure-State-Response(PSR) Model. The index weight and index membership degree were calculated by AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The health status of wetland ecosystem was divided into 5 grades: "health", "sub-health", "vulnerable", "ill-health" and "sick". According to the comprehensive evaluation index, the ecosystem health status of Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland was determined. The results show that the comprehensive evaluation index of ecosystem health status of Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland is 0.696 in 2017, locating in the grade of "vulnerable" and is close to the status of "sub-healthy";Among the 3 levels of pressure, state and response, the state is the most restrictive(0.548 5), the response is moderate(0.241 0), the pressure is weakest(0.210 5);Among the 15 evaluation indexes, material supply, ecological environment restoration, scientific research & entertainment and stress degree of the wetland are the dominant factors affecting the ecosystem health of Sanmenxia Reservoir wetland.