贾鲁河郑州段水质评价和污染源解析

Water quality evaluation and pollution source apportionment to Zhengzhou section of Jialu River

2016年7月(有引水)和9月(无引水)分别对郑州贾鲁河水系9个断面进行了采样分析,采用综合水质标识指数法和因子分析法分别进行水质评价和污染来源分析。结果表明,贾鲁河郑州段上游水库综合水质为Ⅱ类或Ⅲ类,中游湖泊水质为Ⅳ类,下游为Ⅳ~劣Ⅴ类;索须河和七里河水质分别为劣Ⅴ类和劣Ⅴ类并黑臭;通过杨桥干渠向贾鲁河引黄补水只能暂时改变最近受水区的水质,对出郑州断面水质无明显影响。2个因子可解释5个水质指标的信息;在干流下游和支流,第一污染因子代表性指标TN、TP、NH■-N主要与市政污水处理厂排水相关,第二污染因子代表性指标CODCr和CODMn主要与未处理污水相关;贾鲁河上、中游主要为面源性和内源性污染。

Water samples were collected and analyzed respectively at nine sampling sites along Zhengzhou section of Jialu River in July(water diversion time) and in September(no water diversion time), and then comprehensive water quality identification index method and factor analysis were applied for the evaluation of water quality and apportionment of pollution sources respectively. The results showed that the comprehensive water quality of the upper reaches of the Zhengzhou section of the Jialu River was of level II or III,the water quality of the mid-stream Lakes was classified as IV level,and the downstream water quality was classified as IV to worse than V level;the water quality of Suoxu River and Qili River were worse than V level, worse than V level and black smelly water, respectively. Water diversion from Yellow River to the Jialu river through Yangqiao main canal can only change the water quality of the nearest receiving area temporarily, with no obvious impact on the water quality of Zhengzhou section. Two factors can explain the information of 5 water quality indicators. In the lower reaches of the main stream and the tributaries, the representative indices TN, TP, NH■-N of the first pollution factor are mainly related to the drainage of the municipal sewage treatment, while the representative indexes of the second pollution factor, CODCr and CODMn, are mainly related to the untreated sewage. The pollution of upper and middle reaches of the Jialu River are mainly non-point source pollution and endogenous pollution.