镉砷低积累水稻品种筛选

Screening of Rice Varieties with Low Cadmium and Arsenic Accumulation

通过田间试验方法,对镉砷复合污染稻田内15个水稻品种的镉砷累积特性进行研究。结果表明:15个水稻品种的平均产量为7962.20±352.45 kg/hm^2,其中野香优丝苗、天龙一号、深优9595这3个品种产量较低,存在减产风险;15个供试品种的稻米镉含量范围为0.41~0.81 mg/kg,均超过食品安全国家标准;稻米砷含量范围为0.14~0.21 mg/kg;其中深优9595、桃优香占、C两优87和天龙一号4个品种超过食品安全国家标准;15个品种中仅Y两优9918和野香优莉丝这2个品种的稻米镉、砷含量皆低于平均值,可优先在轻度镉砷复合污染地方进行试种;根据稻米镉、砷含量进行聚类分析可知,15个品种可分为3类,第一类为镉高砷低类型,有隆两优华占、晶两优1212、隆两优1988、C两优386这4个品种;第二类为镉砷同步低积累类型,仅Y两优9918这1个品种;第三类为砷高镉低类型,有深两优5814、和两优1号、C两优87等10个品种。

The field test was conducted in cadmium-arsenic composite contaminated rice fields to screen the rice varieties with low accumulation of cadmium and arsenic from 15 rice varieties.The results showed that the average grain yields of the 15 rice varieties were 7962.20±352.45 kg/hm^2,but the yields of the following 3 varieties,Yexiangyousimiao,Tianlong no.1 and Shenyou9595 were relatively low,indicating the risk of yield reduction.Rice cadmium and arsenic contents of the 15 tested varieties ranged from 0.41 to 0.81 mg/kg,and 0.14 to 0.21 mg/kg,respectively.According to the limits of cadmium(<0.2 mg/kg)and arsenic(<0.2 mg/kg)in the national food safety standard(GB2762-2017),all rice cadmium contents exceeded the national food safety standard value;arsenic contents of Shenyou9595,Taoyouxiangzhan,C Liangyou87 and Tianlong no.1 exceeded the national safety standard value;only cadmium and arsenic contents of Y Liangyou 9918 and Yexiangyoulisi were lower than the average values of 15 rice varieties,these two varieties could be planted preferentially on cadmium-arsenic slightly contaminated soils.The results of cluster analysis showed that the 15 varieties could be divided into three categories,namely high cadmium and low arsenic accumulation varieties exemplified by Longliangyouhuazhan,Jingliangyou1212,Longliangyou1988 and C Liangyou386,cadmium and arsenic synchronously low accumulation varieties only exemplified by Y Liangyou 9918,and high arsenic and low cadmium accumulation varieties including 10 other varieties like Shenliangyou5814,Heliangyou no.1 and C Liangyou87.