高产一晚杂交稻组合的农艺性状分析

Analysis of Agronomic Traits of High-Yielding Hybrid Rice Combinations as Single-Cropping Late Rice

以14份高产一晚杂交稻组合和C两优343(对照)为材料,在常德市农林科学院水稻试验站进行大区品比试验,研究了各组合与对照之间农艺性状的差异,分析了各农艺性状间的相关关系。结果表明:14份高产一晚杂交稻组合的株高均极显著高于对照(P<0.01);单株有效穗数均极显著低于对照;单株平均穗长均长于对照,其中13个组合与对照的差异达显著(P<0.05)或极显著水平;有13个组合的千粒重高于对照,其中8个组合与对照的差异达显著或极显著水平;有8个组合的结实率显著或极显著高于对照;78.6%组合的单株总粒数低于对照;所有组合的单株产量均高于对照,其中1个组合达到极显著水平,其余差异不显著;各水稻组合间株高、单株平均穗长、千粒重、结实率的变异较小,而单株有效穗数、单株总粒数的变异较大。相关分析结果表明:单位面积产量与穗长、结实率、单株总粒数呈无显著性正相关,与株高、日产量分别呈显著、极显著正相关,而与有效穗、千粒重、全生育期呈无显著性负相关;株高与单株有效穗数为呈著负相关,与穗长呈极显著正相关,单株有效穗数与穗长呈极显著负相关,千粒重与单株总粒数呈极显著负相关,与全生育期呈显著正相关,而日产量与全生育期呈显著负相关。通径分析表明,各性状对产量的直接作用大小为日产量>全生育期>穗长>千粒重>单株有效穗数>单株总粒数>结实率>株高。

The varietal comparison test between 14 high-yielding hybrid rice combinations and'C Liangyou 343'(CK)was conducted at Changde Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science to study the differences of agronomic traits between each combination and CK,and the correlation analysis between agronomic traits was made.The results showed that compared with'C Liangyou 343',all combinations were significantly higher in plant height(P<0.01);extremely lower in effective panicles per plant;longer in average panicle length,among which 13 combinations reached a significant(P<0.05)or extremely significant level;13 combinations were higher in 1000-grain weight,among which 8 combinations reached a significant or extremely significant level;8 combinations significantly or extremely significantly exceeded C Liang you 343 in seed setting rate;78.6%combinations were lower in total grain number per plant;all combinations were higher in grain yield per plant,among which one combination reached the extremely significant level,the others were not at the significant level.Plant height,average panicle length,1000-grain weight and seed setting rate varied little between 14 combinations,while effective panicles per plant and total grain number per plant varied with combinations.Correlation analysis indicated that grain yield per unit area had no significant positive correlation with panicle length,seed setting rate and total grain number per plant,had a significant and an extremely significant positive correlation with plant height and daily yield,respectively,while had no significant negative correlation with effective panicles,1000-grain weight and whole growth duration.Plant height had a negative correlation with effective panicles per plant and an extremely positive correlation with panicle length.Effective panicles per plant had an extremely negative correlation with panicle length.1000-grain weight had an extremely negative correlation with total grain number per plant,and showed a significantly positive correlation with the whole growth duration.However,the daily yield showed a significantly negative correlation with the whole growth period.Path analysis showed that the direct effect of each trait on grain yield was daily yield>whole growth duration>panicle length>1000-grain weight>effective panicles per plant>total grain number per plant>seed setting rate>plant height.