汉寿县外来入侵植物的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Alien Invasive Plants in Hanshou County

近年来,外来入侵植物对汉寿县的生态安全和经济发展构成了严重的威胁。对汉寿县外来入侵植物的种类、原产地、危害程度、重要值、出现频率等进行调查分析。结果表明:汉寿县外来入侵植物共有47种,隶属于17科,菊科、苋科和玄参科为优势科,原产于美洲的有31种,亚洲10种,欧洲9种,非洲和大洋洲较少,危害最严重的是水葫芦、空心莲子草和加拿大蓬。针对入侵植物的现状,提出3点建议,主要有强化生态安全意识,建立外来引种风险评价制度;加强科学研究,实行综合防治;加强宣传教育和法制建设,提高生态安全意识。

In recent years,alien invasive plants have posed a serious threat to the ecological security and economic development of Hanshou County.The species,origin,damage degree,important value and frequency of alien invasive plants in Hanshou County were investigated and analyzed.The results show that there are 47 species of alien invasive plants in Hanshou County,belonging to 17 families.Compositae,Amaranthaceae and Scrophulariaceae are the dominant families.31 species originate from America,10 species from Asia,9 species from Europe,less from Africa and Oceania;Water hyacinth,Alternanthera philoxeroides and Erigeron canadensis L are the most serious.According to the current situation of invasive plants,three suggestions are put forward,including strengthening the awareness of ecological security,establishing the risk assessment system of exotic introduction,strengthening scientific research and implementing comprehensive preventions and control,strengthening publicity and education and legal system construction to improve ecological security awareness.