“非农化”趋向与乡村危机的另一面相——基于《退想斋日记》(稿本)的一个学术思考

The Trend of Non-agriculturization and Another Facet of Rural Crisis:Academic Thinking Based on the Manuscript of Liu Dapeng’s Diary

《退想斋日记》详尽地记述了乡村“非农经营”情状,也大量描述了乡村危机的情势。一方面,“非农化”趋向并非20世纪30年代特出的问题,而是一个持续发展的历史进程;另一方面,该地方经济衰败、民生困窘,也是一个持续演进的长期态势。“非农化”稳定发展的态势与乡村危机相伴而生且相互关联,成为晋中地域乡村社会演进的重要特征。这为我们提出了一个重要学术命题:即深入揭示二者内在的相关性,从中国社会或经济内在结构中求得其规律性认知。

Liu Dapeng’s Diary gives a detailed account of non-agricultural business in the rural areas and the situation of rural crisis.On the one hand,the trend of“non-agriculturization”is not a problem unique to the 1930s,but a historical process of sustainable development;on the other hand,the economic recession and the hardships in people’s livelihood of this town are also in a long-term trend of continuous evolution.The steady development of“nonagriculturization”coexists with and correlates to the rural crisis,becoming an important feature of rural social evolution in central Shanxi province.This puts forward an important academic proposition for us,that is,to reveal the intrinsic relationship between the two,and to obtain the regularity cognition from the internal structure of Chinese society or economy.