基于水环境容量的浰河流域生态治理对策研究

Research on countermeasures of ecological destruction in the Lihe River basin based on water environment capacity

浰河是汉江的一级支流流域内工业污染、农业污染及乡镇生活污染日益严重,对汉江中游的水质产生了较大影响。为实现浰河流域水环境质量改善的目标,以化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮和总磷作为计算因子,选用一维水质模型估算浰河流域干流及6条支流的水环境容量。结果表明,浰河全流域的环境容量为:COD 9 240.375 t/a,氨氮-5 133.274 t/a,总磷-5 320.858t/a;浰河流域水环境容量超负荷主要集中在中下游,氨氮和总磷是主要污染因子;浰河流域中下游的象河、南泉河及长龙河不同程度的失去了水质自净能力,水环境质量日益恶化。在此基础上,提出全流域分段分区实施生态工业区建设、农村环境综合整治和建立生态补偿机制等生态治理对策。

The Lihe River is the first tributary of the Hanjiang River,where industrial pollution,agricultural pollution and domestic pollution in the Lihe River basin are becoming increasingly serious,leading to deterioration of water quality in the middle reaches of the Han River.We attempt to achieve the goal of improving the water environment quality in the Lihe River Basin,it was computed to the water environment capacity of the main stream and six tributaries in the Lihe River basin by one dimensional water quality model.Choosing COD,NH3-N and TP as main indicators.This study showed the environmental capacity of the entire Lihe River basin was COD9 240.375 t/a,NH3-N-5 133.274 t/a,TP-5 320.858 t/a;the water environment capacity overload in the Lihe River Basin was mainly concentrated in the middle and lower reaches,which NH3-N and TP are the main pollution factors;the Xianghe River,Nanquan River and Changlong River in the middle and lower reaches of the Lihe River basin have lost their water purification capacity to varying degrees,and the water environment quality has deteriorated.Based on the above results,we propose to implement the ecological governance measures such as ecological industrial zone construction,comprehensive improvement of rural environment and establishment of ecological compensation mechanism in accordance with spatial differences within the whole basin.