制度空间化与空间制度化:边境型自由贸易试验区规划实践与思考

Space and Institution:Planning of Border Free Trade Experimental Zone

边境型自由贸易试验区是特殊的政策经济区及典型的制度空间。文章尝试从制度视角探讨边境型自由贸易试验区的空间生产机制,发现其表征为明显的制度空间化与空间制度化循环演变过程。制度通过点、线、面、域、云五类物质空间的表达与组合,实现制度由社会性存在向空间性存在转化,推动空间解构与空间重构,从而形塑出新的空间;而经由前制度形塑的空间则以其特性和潜在价值引导新的制度安排,激发和实现制度变迁与制度扩散。中国(广西)自由贸易试验区崇左片区经历了边境合作、边民互市、保税贸易及自由贸易试验等制度变迁和对应的空间发展,这一发展是典型的制度安排与空间生产循环交替过程。在制度空间化过程中,空间规划需在自由贸易试验制度下做好功能的适应性升级、布局的区域化协同、空间的全域化管治及风貌的特色化彰显;在空间制度化过程中,需根据边境地区空间特性细化制度安排,并推进中越跨境自由贸易制度创新和跨境合作区的设立,引导新的制度和形塑新的空间。

Border free trade zone is a special institutional space with particular policies.From institutional viewpoint,the paper discusses the space production mechanism of border experimental free trade zone,and reveals the cycling evolution of institutional spatialization and spatial institutionalization.With node,line,area,domain,cloud physical elements,institution transforms from social towards spatial existence,and pushes spatial deconstruction and reconstruction.Institutionalized space will trigger new institutional arrangement,transition,and dispersion.Chongzuo area of Guangxi experimental free trade zone experienced border cooperation,border trade,bonded trade,and free trade experiment policies,and correspondent spatial transition.In institutional spatialization,spatial plan shall upgrade functions,coordinate regional layout,and whole area spatial governance under free trade experiment institution;in spatial institutionalization,policies shall be made according to spatial characters of border region,and innovations in Sino-Vietnam free trade zone and cooperative zone shall be explored for new institution and space formation.