沙蓬的研究进展

Recent Progress in Research on Agriophyllum squarrosum(L.)Moq.

沙蓬(Agriophyllum squarrosum(L.)Moq.)为藜科一年生草本植物,主要分布于我国西北荒漠地区,具有重要的生态意义,被誉为“固沙先锋”。沙蓬地上部分为一种蒙药,具有清热、解毒的功效。沙蓬种子——沙米营养丰富,为一种天然的减肥食品。现代药理学研究发现沙蓬含有黄酮、三萜、香豆素、甾醇、生物碱等次生代谢产物,具有抗糖尿病、抗氧化、降血脂等作用。本文主要针对沙蓬的化学成分、药理活性及营养成分的研究概况进行综述,为沙生植物——沙蓬的开发利用提供参考。

Agriophyllum squarrosum(L.) Moq. is an annual herbaceous plant of the Chenopdiaceae family that is mainly distributed in the desert area of northwest China. It is of important ecological significance and is reputed as "the sand-fixing pioneer". The aboveground part of A. squarrosum is a traditional Mongolian medicine with heat-clearing and detoxifying effects. Its seeds, called "Shami" in Chinese, are a natural foodstuff rich in nutrients and with anti-obesity activity. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that A. squarrosum contains secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, triterpenes, coumarins, sterols and alkaloids, and possesses pharmacological activities, such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant and blood lipid-lowering activities. This article mainly reviews recent progress in understanding the chemical components, pharmacological activities and nutritional components of A. squarrosum, in order to provide a reference for the development and utilization of A. squarrosum.