提高治理效能与减轻基层负担——基于对社会管理中“击鼓传花”现象的研究

Improving Governance Efficiency and Reducing the Burden of Grass-Roots

基层是国家治理的神经末梢,基层社会管理状态折射出国家治理体系与治理能力水平。上级政府对下级政府的“行政发包”愈演愈烈,与之而来的是基层社会管理中的“击鼓传花”现象日渐显现,造成上级政府考核问责的泛化、虚化和基层组织开展工作的疲态化、形式化。基层社会管理中“击鼓传花”现象的产生从深层次上缘于地方分权体制的错用,更直接的原因则是属地管理体制的滥用。在深化党和国家机构改革与减轻基层负担背景下,改进基层社会管理,需要从效率和合法性的价值理性与问题发现和问题处置的工具理性出发,以权责分明、权责对等为基本原则,以制度设计为根本保障,将资源、管理和服务真正下沉到基层,从而提升基层社会管理现代化水平。

Grass-roots is the nerve end of national governance,and the state of grass-roots social management reflects the level of national governance system and governance ability.At present,the“administrative outsourcing”of the higher government to the lower government is becoming more and more intense,which is accompanied by the phenomenon of“drum-beating and flower-spreading”in the grass-roots social management.The above phenomena have caused two problems:one is the generalization and falsification of the assessment accountability of the higher government;the other is the fatigue and formalization of the work carried out by grass-roots organizations.The phenomenon of“drum-beating and flower-spreading”in grass-roots social management is deeply rooted in the misuse of local decentralization system,and the more direct reason is the abuse of territorial management system.Under the background of deepening the reform of Party and state institutions,to improve grass-roots social management,it is necessary to proceed from the value rationality of efficiency and legitimacy,the instrumental rationality of problem discovery and problem disposal,take the principle of power-responsibility equivalence as the basic principle,take system design as the fundamental guarantee,sink resources,management and services to the grass-roots,so as to enhance the modernization level of grass-roots social management.