摘要
外在制度属于正式制度的范畴,由统治阶级的政治权力机构“自上而下”设计出来,并强加于社会付诸实施。中美两国政治体制不同,所以注定会因为“知识转型”外在制度的不同导致中美高校网络课程发展的差异性,这种差异性较为明显地表现在政策导向和实施路径方面。在政策导向上,美国高校网络课程发展由微观动机转向宏观政策行为,中国高校网络课程发展以宏观政策行为来激励微观动机;在实施路径上,美国高校网络课程发展采取“自下而上”的实施路径,中国高校网络课程发展采取“自上而下”的实施路径。
The external system belongs to the scope of formal system,which is designed by the political authority of the ruling community from the superior institutes to the subordinate units and imposed to be implemented.Because of the different political systems in China and America,the different external systems of knowledge transition will lead to differences on online courses in these two countries''universities,which will be embodied obviously on the aspects of policy orientation and implementation path.In terms of policy orientation,the development of online courses in American universities has changed from micro-motivation to macro-policy behavior,while the development of online courses in Chinese universities has been motivated by macro-policy behavior.In terms of implementation path,the development of online courses in American universities has adopted the"bottom-up"implementation path,while in Chinese universities it has adopted with the path of"top-down".
作者
蒋平
JIANG Ping(Academic Affairs Office, Mianyang Teachers' College, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000)
出处
《绵阳师范学院学报》
2020年第7期24-30,44,共8页
Journal of Mianyang Teachers' College
基金
四川省“天府万人计划”青年拔尖人才“社科菁英”项目
四川省教育体制机制改革试点项目“师范做强艺体做精应用转型——地方高师院校本科专业特色发展综合改革试点”(G5-09)
四川省高等教育质量工程及省级重点教学改革项目“师范做强艺体做精应用转型——地方师范高校本科专业‘分类建设协同发展’的研究与探索”(JG2018-722)
绵阳师范学院质量工程教研教改项目“信息化网络技术与高等教育课程教学模式融合研究”(Mnu-JY18227)。
关键词
中美高校
网络课程
外在制度
政策导向
实施路径
Chinese and American universities
online courses
external system
policy orientation
implementation path