新诗观念分歧与1920年代新诗危机——以傅斯稜致胡适五通信札考释为中心

The Relationship between Concept Divergence Crisis of New Poetry in 1920s:Surrounding the Verification and Interpretation of Fu Siling's Five Letters to Hu Shi

1920年代初期,是一个重要但却被忽视的时间节点,国共合作酝酿及新文化运动分化同步进行。在此期间,政治与文艺在国族危难下渐趋同一,新文学发展方向出现“歧路”,新文化同人分化进一步导致新文学受阻滞后。胡适游走于两者之间,思想观念明显滞后于主流节奏,新文学发展力度呈现颓弱倾向,其自办刊物——《努力周报》有力印证了胡适的滞后性与矛盾性。该刊物以“政论”为旗帜大谈政治,但自第48期起付诸大量版面,推动新文学尤其是新诗发展,短短半年时间内挖掘了一大批白话新诗人,体现出胡适文政立场及观念的转变。本文以青年人傅斯稜致胡适的五通信札为中心,再现胡适与一代青年人的新诗交流与分歧,挖掘胡适《努力周报》时期文艺观念变化以及傅斯稜对新诗问题的前瞻,呈现20年代青年知识分子视角下的新诗境遇。

The early 1920s was an important but neglected timeline by researchers,during which the cooperation between KMT and CPC and the division of the New Culture Movement were on simultaneously.During this period,politics,literature and art gradually converges in national crisis,the development of the new literature was misleading,and the divergence of the new culture and human's further hindered new literature.Hu Shi was hesitant between the two,his ideology was obviously lagging behind the mainstream rhythm,and the development of new literature tended to weaken.Efforts Weekly,the periodical established by him strongly verified his hysteresis and contradiction.This periodical talked about politics in the form of"Political Comments".But since its 48th issue,it devoted a large number of pages to promote the development of new literature,especially new poetry.In only half a year,a large number of new vernacular poets have been discovered,which reveals the change of his literary and political standpoint and ideology.This paper,centering on the five letters by the young man-Fu Siling to Hu shi,represented the communications and divergences between the young generation and him in new poetry.This paper also explores the changes in literary and artistic ideology in his time of Effort Weekly publication and Fu's prospect on new poetry and presents the situation of new poetry from the perspective of young intellectuals in 1920s.