史敬胤《世说》选注考辨

A Value Revisit and Document Examination of Shi Jingyin’s Selected Annotation of A New Account of Tales of the World

关于《世说新语》第一位注释家史敬胤《世说新语》注的价值,历来评价不高,原因在于,论者常将史敬胤的注与刘孝标的注等量齐观,其相形见绌在所难免。而事实上,史敬胤的《世说新语》注,并非全注本,而是选注本,其所注四十事,主要目的乃在"传疑纠缪",相当于一篇"世说选注"。当我们将其体量和抱负"缩小",不再求全责备,其价值自然得以彰显。本文通过详细爬梳和审慎考辨,认为敬胤注可谓《世说》研究史上第一部专门文献,置诸中国古代注疏史上,应该是裴注和刘注之间最重要的注疏之作,有着多方面的研究价值,虽其剪裁或有失当,但所引魏晋稀见史料凡十六种,多为刘孝标注所阙如,故其文献价值和历史评价值得重新审视,不容低估。

As the first exegete of A New Account of Tales of the World,Shi Jingyin’s annotation has never had high evaluation. It is because evaluators invariably compare his annotation with that of Liu Xiaozhu,which make Shi’s annotation appear inferior. In fact,Shi Jinyin’s Annotation of A New Account of Tales of the World is a selected rather than a full annotation. The main purpose of his forty annotated issues is to "clarifying confusions and correcting errors,"which is like a selected annotation of A New Account of Tales of the World. It is not until we mitigate the scope and ambition of his annotation and no longer are hypercritical that we will have a better understanding of its value. Through detailed analysis and rigorous examination,this paper argues that Shi Jingyin’s annotation should be lauded as the first special document in the history of studying A New Account of Tales of the World. If placed into the ancient history of annotation,Shi’annotation contains manifold research values and should be the most important between the annotations of Pei and Liu. While its pruning is somewhat inappropriate,Shi’s annotation had invoked around sixteen rare materials in the Wei and Jin periods and most of them were missing in Liu’s annotation. In that regard,the documentary value and historical evaluation of Shi’s annotation needs our reexamination and should not be underestimated.