患方权利冲突境遇下的医疗决策及其矛盾之化解

The Medical Decision Making in the Sistuation of Patients’Right Conflict and its Resolution

医疗决策中涉及的患方自身权利冲突,主要存在于患者自身、患者与家属或代理人之间,其实质是由于各利益主体的价值判断视角不同、价值需求取向不同而导致的利益冲突。在患方权利冲突境遇下,医方应当如何化解患方的权利冲突和实施医疗决策?基于功利论、义务论和美德论等不同的道德理论,将会有不同的导向。从伦理基本原则及权益位阶的排序、法律权利边界确定、医疗决策模式等方面,探讨化解患方权利冲突之路径。

The conflicts of patient’s own rights in medical decision making mainly exist between patients themselves,patients and their families or agents.Its essence is the interest conflict caused by different perspectives of different stakeholders’value judgments and different orientations of value needs.In the situation of the patient’s rights conflict,how should the medical resolve the patient’s rights conflict and implement the medical decision making?Different moral theories based on utilitarianism,deontology and virtue theory will have different directions.From the basic principles of ethics,the order of rights and interests,the determination of legal rights boundaries,medical decision making model and other aspects,this study discussed the ways to resolve the conflict rights of patients.