吸烟和有氧运动对男大学生代谢综合征相关指标的影响

Effects of smoking and aerobic exercise on risk factors of metabolic syndrome among male college students

目的探讨吸烟和有氧运动对男大学生代谢综合征危险因素的影响,为制定针对吸烟人群的特异性运动处方提供参考。方法使用"全球青少年烟草调查问卷(Global Youth Tobacco Survey)"在郑州航空工业管理卫生学院选取40名既往无吸烟史以及40名经常吸烟者,随机分为运动吸烟组(exercise smoker,ES)、非运动吸烟组(non-exercise smoker,NES)、运动非吸烟组(exercise non-smoker,ENS)和非运动非吸烟组(non-exercise non-smoker,NENS),每组20名。NES组和NENS组维持日常生活习惯,ES和ENS组进行强度为50%~80%心率储备、5次/周、共8周的有氧运动。实验前后测定受试者各代谢综合征相关指标,包括收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、腰围(waist sircumference,WC)、空腹血糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)以及血浆三酰甘油(triglyceride,TG)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)含量。结果实验后组间比较,ES和NES组较ENS和NENS组WC、SBP、DBP、FPG和TG升高,HDL-C降低(P值均<0.05)。组内实验前后比较,实验后SBP和DBP在ENS组下降、NES组升高(P值均<0.05),ES和NENS组的变化无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);WC在ES和ENS组下降、NES组升高(P值均<0.05),NENS组变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)。实验前后各参数变化量比较显示,与NES和NENS组比较,ES和ENS组△WC下降(P值均<0.05);与其他各组比较,NES组△SBP和△DBP升高,ENS组△SBP和△DBP降低(P值均<0.05)。结论男性大学生吸烟可造成代谢综合征相关指标水平升高,有氧运动可降低血压和WC水平。

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of smoking and aerobic exercise on metabolic syndrome risk factors among male college students. Methods Eighty male college students were randomly selected from Global Youth Tobacco Survey and assigned to exercise smoker( ES),non-exercise smoker( NES),exercise non-smoker( ENS) and non-exercise nonsmoker( NENS) groups with sample size of 20 in each group. Subjects in NES and NENS groups maintained daily lifestyle while those in ES and ENS group performed aerobic exercise 5 times per week for 8 weeks with exercise intensity set at 50%~80% of heart rate reserve. Before and after experiment,risk factors for metabolic syndrome were assessed including systolic blood pressure( SBP),diastolic blood pressure( DBP),waist circumference( WC),fasting plasma glucose( FPG),triglyceride( TG)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol( HDL-C). Results After experiment,compared with ENS and NENS group,WC,SBP,DBP,FPG and TG increased while HDL-C decreased( P<0.05) in ES and NES groups. Compared with pre-experiment,SBP and DBP significantly decreased in ENS group( P<0.05),increased in NES group( P<0.05) while no statistically significant in ES and NENS group( P>0.05);WC was significantly reduced in both ES and ENS groups( P<0.05),increased in NES group( P<0.05)while no statistically significant in NENS group( P>0.05) after experiment. Compared with NES and NENS groups,△WC in ES and ENS group decreased( P<0.05);compared with other groups,△SBP and △DBP increased in NES groups while decreased( P<0.05) in ENS group. Conclusion Smoking is associated with higher level of metabolic syndrome risk factors,while aerobic exercise is associated with lowering blood pressure and WC level in male college students.