大学生体力活动与身体健康及抑郁症状的关联

Study on the relationship between physical activity and physical, mental health of college students

目的描述大学生体力活动现状,并探讨体力活动与身体健康和抑郁的关联强度,为促进大学生身心健康提供参考依据。方法采用横断面调查设计,于2018年6—7月在安徽省和江西省2所高校随机整群抽取4624名大学生,使用《国际体力活动问卷》(International Physical Activity Qnestionnaire,IPAQ)《36项简明健康调查问卷》(36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire,SF-36)和《流行病学研究中心抑郁量表》(Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale,CES-D)进行调查。使用χ~2检验比较不同人口统计学特征大学生的身体健康以及抑郁症状检出率,采用广义线性模型和二分类Logistic回归模型分析体力活动与身体健康和抑郁的关联。结果大学生身体健康状况好、中、差的检出率分别为64.5%,31.6%和3.9%,抑郁症状检出率为34.1%。广义线性模型分析结果显示,身体健康状况与中等强度体力活动(OR=0.78,95%CI=0.66~0.91)和高强度体力活动(OR=0.46,95%CI=0.38~0.56)均呈负性关联(P值均<0.05)。二分类Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,抑郁与中等强度体力活动(OR=0.69,95%CI=0.59~0.82)和高强度体力活动(OR=0.66,95%CI=0.55~0.79)均呈负性关联(P值均<0.05)。结论大学生体力活动与身体健康和抑郁之间存在显著关联,需要进一步纵向研究阐明大学生体力活动与身心健康的因果关系。

Objective To describe physical activity( PA) level of college students,and to examine the associations between PA and physical health and depression,so as to provide evidence for health promotion of college students. Methods During June to July 2018,a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 4 624 college students from 2 universities in Anhui and Jiangxi provinces. The basic information was investigated by the questionnaire. PA was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire( IPAQ). Physical and mental health were evaluated by the 36-item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire( SF-36) and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale( CES-D),respectively.Chi-square test was used to examine the differences between physical health and depression among college students with different demographic characteristics. The generalized linear model and binary logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationships between PA and physical health and depression.Results The proportion of good,medium and poor physical health were 64.5%,31.6% and 3.9%,respectively. The detection rate of depression was 34.1%. Compared to low PA group,physical health was negatively correlated with medium PA( OR = 0.78,95%CI = 0.66-0.91) and high PA( OR = 0.46,95%CI = 0.38-0.56). Binary logistic regression results showed that,depression was negatively associated with medium PA( OR = 0.69,95%CI = 0.59-0.82) and high PA( OR = 0.66,95% CI = 0.55-0.79)( P< 0.05).Conclusion There is a significant association between PA and physical health and depression. Further longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the causal relationship between PA and physical and mental health.