城乡交错区耕地分区管护及生态补偿模式研究——以上海市浦东新区为例

Protection Zoning and Ecological Compensation Mode of Cultivated Land at the Urban-Rural Fringe:A Case Study in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

基于土地评价和立地条件评估(Land Evaluation and Site Assessment, LESA)框架构建以耕地自然质量、生态敏感性、区位条件、耕作条件和土壤环境安全风险组成的指标体系,以决策树归纳法将浦东新区耕地划分为工业污染、生态农业、轮作休耕、农业连片、休闲农业和非农转化6类管护区,根据各区管护重点提出规模经营及绿色生产、休闲观光及农田保育、非农管控及发展限制型耕地生态补偿模式。上海市浦东新区耕地自然质量优良,约50%的耕地可规模经营及连片生产,但仍有10%左右的耕地面临着工业污染和非农占用的风险。建议对以稳产高产和生态协调为目标的农业连片区和生态农业区采取规模经营及绿色生产型生态补偿模式,对发展农业生产新形态的轮作休耕区和休闲农业区采取休闲观光及农田保育型生态补偿模式,对非农化风险较高的工业污染区和非农转化区采取非农管控及发展限制型生态补偿模式。

Based on the land evaluation and site assessment(LESA)system,this paper constructs an index system consisting of the natural quality,ecological sensitivity,location conditions,farming conditions and soil environmental safety risks of cultivated land.Then,according to the method of Decision Tree Induction,the cultivated land is divided into six types:industrial pollution area,ecological agriculture area,rotation and fallow area,agricultural concentrated area,leisure farming area and non-agricultural risking area.Furthermore,on the foundation of each area’s management and protection focus,three ecological compensation modes are put forward,including large-scale operation and green production ecological compensation mode,agritourism and farmland conservation ecological compensation mode,and land-use regulation and development restriction ecological compensation mode.The research shows that the natural quality of farmland in Shanghai Pudong New Area is pretty well,about 50%of the arable land can be produced in a large scale,and nearly 90%of the arable land can ensure agricultural production.However,over 10%of the arable land still faces great risks of industrial pollution and non-agricultural transformation.It is suggested to apply large-scale operation and green production ecological compensation mode in the areas of agricultural concentrated area and ecological agriculture area,which aim at stable production,high yield and ecological coordination.To adopt agritourism and farmland conservation ecological compensation mode in the areas of rotation and fallow area and leisure farming area,which try to explore new forms of agricultural production activities.To implement land-use regulation and development restriction ecological compensation mode in the areas of industrial pollution area and non-agricultural risking area,which have higher land conversion tendency.