服刑人员的社会支持对亲社会行为倾向的影响:应对方式与希望的链式多重中介作用

The Influence of Social Support among Prisoners on Prosocial Behavior Tendency:Serial Multiple Mediation of Coping Style and Hope

社会支持有利于促进人们采用积极应对策略,同时可以提升亲社会行为。然而,目前还未探究清楚监狱服刑人员的社会支持与其亲社会行为倾向之间的影响机制。因此,本研究旨在研究在希望和应对策略影响下,服刑人员的社会支持与亲社会行为倾向之间的关系。共有309名服刑人员参与了调查研究,量表包括社会支持量表(服刑人员版)、特质应对方式问卷(Trait Coping Style Questionnaire,TCSQ)、成人素质希望量表(Adult Dispositional Hope Scale,ADHS)和亲社会行为倾向量表(Prosocial Tendencies Measure,PTM)。研究结果表明:(1)社会支持与积极应对方式、希望、亲社会行为倾向评分呈中低度正相关,积极应对方式、希望和亲社会行为倾向得分呈中高度正相关,消极应对方式与各变量之间呈低负相关;(2)服刑人员的社会支持显著正向预测亲社会行为倾向;(3)服刑人员的社会支持以应对方式和希望为链式多重中介间接影响亲社会行为倾向。研究结果说明,服刑人员的社会支持能够直接或间接促进其亲社会行为倾向,这对监狱管理和服刑人员的改造教育具有启示作用,进而可以帮助服刑人员增强其重返社会的适应能力并降低再犯罪率。

Social support is beneficial to the promotion of the adaptation of positive coping strategies among people.Meanwhile,it can also promote prosocial behaviors.However,the influence mechanism between the social support of prisoners and the prosocial behavior tendency is unclear.For this reason,the aim of this study is to examine the relationship between social support and prosocial behavior among prisoners under the influence of hope and coping style.A total of 309 prisoners were recruited and surveyed using the Social Support Scale(Prisoner’s Edition),the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ),the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale(ADHS),and the Prosocial Tendencies Measure(PTM).The results show that:(1)social support was positively correlated with positive and low coping styles,hope,and prosocial behavior tendency scores.Positive coping styles,hope,and prosocial behavior tendencies scores were moderately and positively correlated.Negative coping style and low negative correlation between variables;(2)prisoners’social support positively predicted prosocial behavioral tendencies with significance;(3)social support of prisoners indirectly affected prosocial behavioral tendencies using coping style and hope as serial multiple mediators.The study results suggest that the social support of prisoners can directly or indirectly promote prosocial behavioral tendencies,which has implications for the reform of prison management and prisoners so as to helping prisoners strengthen their ability to reintegrate into society and reduce recidivism rates.