甘油脱水制丙烯醛杂多酸催化剂的研究进展

Research progress in glycerol dehydration to acrolein over heteropolyacids catalysts

随着生物柴油产业的蓬勃发展,副产物甘油大量过剩,开展催化甘油转化制高附加值化学品的研究意义重大。阐述了甘油脱水制丙烯醛杂多酸型催化剂的研究进展,详细介绍了杂多酸、碱金属杂多酸和以二氧化硅、三氧化二铝、二氧化锆、五氧化二铌等为载体的负载型杂多酸催化剂在甘油脱水制丙烯醛反应中的性能。载体、杂多酸的负载量、催化剂的孔径、孔道结构、酸量、酸类型、反应工艺条件等对催化剂的活性、选择性、寿命有很大影响。提出需要对杂多酸型催化剂甘油脱水反应机理、催化剂失活机理等做更深入的研究,为筛选出高活性、高选择性、高稳定性的杂多酸型催化剂提供理论指导。

With the rapid development of the biodiesel industry,a large volume of byproduct glycerol has led to a drastic surplus in chemical markets.Catalytic conversion of glycerol into valuable chemicals is meaningful.The research progress in heteropolyacid catalysts and mechanisms of the glycerol dehydration to acrolein were reviewed.The performances of heteropolyacid,alkali metal heteropolyacid and heteropolyacid catalysts supported on carriers such as silica,alumina,zirconia,and niobium pentoxide in the glycerol dehydration to acrolein reaction were introduced in detail.The activity,selectivity,stability of heteropolyacid supported catalysts were affected by the supports,heteropolyacid loading,pore diameter,pore structure,acidity amount,acidity type and reaction conditions.The reaction mechanism and deactivation mechanism of heteropolyacid catalysts in glycerol dehydration reaction should be further studied in the future to provide theoretical guidance for selecting heteropolyacid catalysts with high activity,selectivity and stability.