钛及钛合金表面纳米管的生物功能化研究进展

Research Progress on the Biofunctionalization of Nanotubes on Titanium and Titanium Alloys

钛及钛合金因为其良好的生物相容性和力学性能,作为生物医用材料得到广泛使用。通过表面处理后,可以在钛金属基体表面获得氧化钛纳米管阵列。氧化钛纳米管阵列的管径和长度尺寸可控,通常具有大表面积、强吸附性和超亲水性,可以提高钛及钛合金基体的生物相容性和耐腐蚀性能,为进一步赋予其更多的生物功能性奠定了基础。对钛及钛合金表面纳米管再次表面改性后,可使其具有更好的促进骨整合、抗菌消炎、药物响应可控释放、生物荧光成像等功能,在生物医学领域应用潜力巨大。介绍了钛及钛合金表面纳米管的制备方法,分析了氧化钛纳米管阵列的生物学特性,探讨了纳米管的物理特征对细胞行为的影响,对二次表面改性(包括碱处理、水热处理、电化学沉积、溶胶-凝胶法)影响氧化钛纳米管生物功能性的研究进展进行了综合评述,总结了氧化钛纳米管作为药物载体在药物缓释、响应性释放和疾病检测等生物功能化方面的进展情况,提出了对氧化钛纳米管生物功能化研究的一些问题,并展望了其未来发展方向。

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used as biomedical materials due to good biocompatibility and mechanical properties.After surface treatment,titanium dioxide nanotubes array can be obtained on the surface of titanium and titanium alloys.The diameter and length of the titanium oxide nanotubes array are controllable and nanotubes usually have a large surface area,strong adsorption and super hydrophilicity,which can improve biocompatibility and corrosion resistance of titanium and titanium alloys and lay the foundation for conversion of more biological functions.After one more time of surface modification,the titanium and titanium alloy nanotubes can have better osseointegration,antibacterial and anti-inflammatory functions,drug-stimulated responsive release,biofluorescence imaging,etc.,showing great potential in biomedical applications.The preparation method of nanotubes on the surface of titanium and titanium alloy was introduced,the biological characteristics of titanium oxide nanotubes on the surface of titanium and titanium alloys were analyzed,the effects of the physical characteristics of nanotubes on the cell behavior were discussed,the research progress of secondary surface modification technologies(including base treatment,hydrothermal treatment,electrochemical deposition,and sol-gel method)affecting the biological functions of titanium oxide nanotubes was reviewed,the research onbiological functions of titanium oxide nanotubes as drug carriers in drug sustained release,responsive release,and disease detection was summarized,some questions about the biological functionalization of titanium oxide nanotubes were proposed,and the future development direction was prospected.