中学生颈肩腰背部不适与身体姿势的研究

A Study of Back and Neck Discomfort and Body Postures in Middle and High School Students

目的调查中学生颈肩腰背部不适与不良身体姿势的关系,为开展中学生脊柱健康促进提供依据。方法采用中文版《腰背痛与身体姿势问卷》(Back Painand Body Posture Evaluation Instrument,BackPEI)对杭州市29所中学的360名学生进行调查。结果 46.7%的中学生报告有颈肩腰背部不适。最常见的不良姿势和行为分别为长时间使用手机和从地上搬起物品的姿势,以及经常在床上阅读或学习。高中生颈肩腰背部不适组和非颈肩腰背部不适组的中文版BackPEI得分存在差异(P<0.05)。BackPEI得分较低(1~3分)是危险因素(OR=5.036),在校期间参加脊柱健康课程或讲座是保护因素(OR=0.365)。结论高中生不良的身体姿势和行为习惯以及在校期间有无参加脊柱健康课程或讲座,可能与其颈肩腰背不适的发生有关。建议通过学生本人、学校、公共卫生部门、家庭的多方努力,共同促进学生的脊柱健康。

Objective To study the relationship between back and neck discomfort and poor postures,and to provide evidence for promoting spine health among middle and high school students.Methods The Chinese adaptation of the Back Pain and Body Posture Evaluation Instrument(BackPEI)was used to investigate 360 students of 29 middle and high schools in Hangzhou.Results The proportion of middle and high school students reported back and neck discomfort was 46.7%.The most common poor postures were the posture of using phones extensively and the posture of lifting heavy objects.The most common poor behavior was studying or reading in bed.There was a significant difference between the Chinese version of BackPEI scores of high school students with and without back and neck discomfort(P<0.05).The lower BackPEI score(1-3 points)was a risk factor(OR=5.036).The participation in healthy spine courses or lectures at school was a preventive factor(OR=0.365).Conclusions Back and neck discomfort may relate to the poor postures and behaviors of high school students,and whether they participate in healthy spine courses or lectures in school.This study suggests that students,schools,health departments and families should put efforts on promoting healthy spine for middle and high school students.