上海市青浦区白鹤镇老年高脂血症患者中医体质分布研究

Study on the Distribution of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution of Elderly Hyperlipidemia Patients in Baihe Town of Qingpu District,Shanghai

目的掌握上海市青浦区白鹤镇65岁及以上老年人高脂血症患者中医体质分布情况,为老年人高脂血症防治中有针对性地发挥中医"治未病"优势提供依据。方法应用中医体质理论,对上海市青浦区白鹤镇2019年度4,534例65岁及以上老年高脂血症患者进行中医体质辨识分析。结果检出高脂血症4,534例,其中男性1,697例(检出率45.95%),女性2,837例(检出率60.83%),女性高脂血症检出率高于男性(P<0.05)。常见的偏颇体质类型有痰湿质、阳虚质、湿热质、气虚质、气郁质、血瘀质、阴虚质七种类型,其中以痰湿质(17.29%)和阳虚质(13.74%)占比最大。男性湿热质比例高于女性(P<0.01),女性气郁质比例明显高于男性(P<0.01),其他体质类型分布无差异(P>0.05)。结论痰湿质、阳虚质可能是白鹤镇65岁及以上人群高脂血症的危险因素,同时男性的湿热质和女性的气郁质占比较大。家庭医生在进行重点人群健康管理时,应对痰湿质、阳虚质、男性的湿热质和女性的气郁质体质的人群重点监测,关注他们的生活方式及血脂变化,从而预防高脂血症。

Objective to understand the distribution of Chinese Medicine Constitution of the elderly patients with hyperlipidemia aged 65 and above in Baihe Town,Qingpu District,Shanghai,so as to provide the basis for the elderly to play the advantage of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of hyperlipidemia Methods Based on the theory of constitution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),a total of 4,534 cases of hyperlipidemia in the elderly aged 65 and over in 2019 in Baihe Town were analyzed.Results There were 4,534 cases of hyperlipidemia were detected,including 1,697 males(45.95%)and 2837 females(60.83%).The detection rate of hyperlipidemia in females was higher than that in males(P<0.05).The common biased constitution types were phlegm dampness,Yang deficiency,damp heat,Qi deficiency,Qi depression,blood stasis and Yin deficiency,of which phlegm dampness(17.29%)and Yang deficiency(13.74%)accounted for the largest proportion.The proportion of damp heat in male was higher than that in female(P<0.01),and the proportion of Qi stagnation in female was higher than that in male(P<0.01);there was no difference in the distribution of other constitution types(P>0.05).Conclusion Phlegm dampness and Yang deficiency may be the risk factors of hyperlipidemia in the population aged 65 and over in Baihe Town.Meanwhile,the damp heat of men and Qi depression of women account for a large proportion.Family doctors should focus on monitoring the key population of phlegm dampness,Yang deficiency,damp heat in men,and Qi depression in women in the health management,pay attention to their life style and blood lipid changes,so as to prevent hyperlipidemia..