出生体重对3~5岁儿童体格发育的影响

The Effect of Birth-weight on the Physical Development of 3-5 Year Old Children

目的了解大场镇3~5岁托幼机构儿童的体格发育状况,超重、肥胖的情况,探索出生体重对儿童发育的影响。方法对区域内托幼机构进行系统整群抽样,将抽中的幼儿园小班、中班和大班的儿童的身高、体重进行分析。结果 1,782名儿童的出生体重均值为(3.33±0.39)kg,低出生体重儿占比1.74%,高出生体重儿占比6.06%。3~5岁儿童的体重、身高随着出生体重的增加而升高,且不同出生体重组的差异有统计学意义;超重和肥胖检出率分别为13.69%和4.15%,其中男童的超重和肥胖的检出率分别为13.56%和5.59%,女童分别为13.85%和2.45%,男童与女童超重的检出率差异不显著,男童与女童肥胖的检出率差异显著。在控制了性别、年龄因素后,经多因素logistic回归分析示:随着出生体重的升高儿童超重的检出率也随着升高,男童的肥胖检出率高于女童,且统计学差异显著。结论学龄前儿童肥胖、超重的检出率较高,3~5岁儿童的身高、体重随着出生体重的增高而增高。

Objective To understand the physical development,overweight and obesity of 3-5-year-old children in Dayang town,to explore the influence of birth weight on physical development and the influencing factors of overweight and obesity.Methods A systematic cluster sampling was carried out in kindergartens,and the height and weight of children in small,middle and large classes were analyzed.Results The mean birth weight of 1,782 children was(3.33±0.39)kg,the proportion of low birth weight children was 1.74%,and the proportion of high birth weight children was 6.06%.The weight and height of 3-5-year-old children increased with the increase of birth weight,and the difference between different birth weight groups was statistically significant;the detection rates of overweight and obesity were 13.69%and 4.15%respectively,among which the detection rates of overweight and obesity for boys and girls were 13.56%and 5.59%,and for girls were 13.85%and 2.45%,respectively.There was no significant difference between the detection rates of overweight for boys and girls,and the detection rates of obesity for boys and girls were 13.85%and 2.45%,respectively.The difference of detection rate was significant.After controlling the gender and age factors,the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that:with the increase of birth weight,the detection rate of overweight children also increased,the detection rate of obesity in boys was higher than that in girls,and the statistical difference was significant.Conclusion The detection rate of obesity and overweight in preschool children is high.The height and weight of 3-5-year-old children increase with the increase of birth weight.