超声引导下乳腺肿瘤穿刺活检术的临床护理要点研究

Study on the key points of clinical nursing of breast tumor biopsy under the guidance of ultrasound

目的研究探讨超声引导下乳腺肿瘤穿刺活检术的临床护理要点及效果。方法选择我院行超声引导下乳腺肿瘤穿刺活检术的120例患者(2017年1月至2019年1月),随机数字表法分为对照组60例和观察组60例。对照组施行常规护理,观察组施行舒适护理,比较2组的血流动力学指标、应激反应指标、穿刺成功率、穿刺时间、疼痛评分、舒适度评分、不良情绪评分。结果①2组穿刺后的血流动力学、应激反应等各项指标均较穿刺前增高(P<0.05),而穿刺后观察组的各项指标均较对照组更低(P<0.05)。②观察组的首次穿刺成功率、二次穿刺成功率均较对照组更高(P<0.05),其单次穿刺时间、总穿刺时间均较对照组缩短(P<0.05)。③穿刺时及穿刺后,观察组的疼痛评分均较对照组更低(P<0.05),其舒适度评分均较对照组更高(P<0.05)。④穿刺前、穿刺时、穿刺后,观察组的焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)等评分均较对照组更低(P<0.05)。结论超声引导下乳腺肿瘤穿刺活检术围术期舒适护理应用,可减轻患者的血流动力学波动、应激反应和疼痛感,提高其穿刺成功率和穿刺效率,有利于提高患者的舒适度,改善其心理状况。

Objective To study the clinical nursing points and effect of ultrasound-guided breast tumor biopsy.Methods One hundred and twenty patients(January 2017 to January 2019)who underwent ultrasound-guided breast tumor biopsy were randomly divided into 60 cases/group.The control group received routine nursing and the observation group received comfort nursing.The hemodynamic index,stress response index,puncture success rate,puncture time,pain score,comfort score and adverse emotion score of the two groups were compared.Results①The indexes of hemodynamics and stress response after puncture in the two groups were higher than those before puncture(P<0.05),while those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).②The success rate of the first and second puncture in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the single puncture time and total puncture time were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05).③During and after the puncture,the pain score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the comfort score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).④Before,during and after puncture,the scores of SAS and SDS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Comfort nursing application of ultrasound-guided breast tumor biopsy in the perioperative period can reduce the hemodynamic fluctuation,stress response and pain,improve the success rate,efficiency of puncture,the comfort of patients and their psychological status.