出山要比在山清?——现代中国的“学者从政”与“专家治国”

Does Serving the Authorities in the Power Field Precede over Discussing State Affairs in the Ivory Tower?--On Scholars’Political Participation and Technocracy in Modern China

"九·一八"事变后,在民族危机的刺激下,中国学者普遍介入社会政治生活,大量名流"出山",投身政治实践并卷入高层政争。这种持续的大规模的学者从政改善了当时的人才流动机制,改变了当时的学术生态,也改变了国民党政府的权力格局,然而并未根本改善当时的社会政治生态,更无法扭转国运、改变大势。对许多学者个人来说,反而因此影响了学术生产,甚至下场不佳;于公于私,均可谓得不偿失。因此,该热潮的实效不宜片面高估。此种现象的根本原因在于学术逻辑与政治逻辑的深度扞格或本质性差异。这也是一个历史性、世界性的难题。

The close interaction between academic circles and the authorities is a normal state in history at alltimes and in all countries.Ever since the September 18 th Incident,more and more intellectual elites gotinvolved in political practice.This phenomenon was conducive to the mutual confidence and reciprocity.Moreover,it brought about the structural transformation of Chinese intelligentsia.Regrettably,too many ofthe scholars suffered enormously from their political participation in academic career;moreover,the powerstructure and political ecology death did not get appropriately optimized in this process.Ultimately,it isresponsible for the collision between academic logic and political logic.