企业员工参与制度对劳动争议预防的效果及其作用机制研究——基于去产能情境中的F矿业公司案例

Research on the Prevention Effect and Operation Mechanism of Collective Disputes in China’s Democratic Participation System——Taking a Mining Corporation as an Example

本研究针对F矿业公司在去产能过程中利用员工参与制度预防化解集体争议纠纷的案例进行分析,探究特殊改革背景下企业员工参与制度的运行状况、制度间相互作用及其预防集体争议的效果与作用机制。研究结果表明,在去产能改革情境中,员工参与制度成为F矿业公司实现职工安置合法化、降低集体争议发生可能性的有效路径。该企业员工参与制度运行的特点包括直接参与制度与间接参与制度协同并用,通过主动授权提高员工参与层次,员工参与内容覆盖范围广泛的优势得以延续等,这一制度运行方式通过维护职工的实体权益和程序权益降低相对剥夺感和建立企业转型的员工认同基础,有效避免了改革中的动荡,预防了集体争议的发生。同时研究指出,特殊背景下工会合法性与有效性的现实共生,工会主席的特殊身份与合作型工会—管理层关系以及企业各主体对参与制度仪式化的摒弃和功能性的推崇,是F矿业公司员工参与制度起效的重要背景因素。

The study analyzes the case of F mining companies using employee participation system to prevent and resolve collective disputes during the process of capacity reduction,and explores the operation status,interaction between systems,and the effect and prevention of collective disputes of enterprise employee participation system under special reform background.The research results show that in the context of capacity reduction reform,the employee participation system has become an effective way for F Mining to legalize employee placement and reduce the likelihood of collective disputes.The characteristics of the company’s employee participation system include the direct and the indirect participation system,the use of active authorization to improve the level of employee participation,the wide range of advantages of employee participation content can be continued,etc.This system operates by protecting the employees’physical rights and interests,reducing relative feelings of deprivation and establishing an employee recognition base for corporate transformation,which effectively avoids turbulence in the reform and prevents the occurrence of collective disputes.At the same time,the study pointed out that the realistic symbiosis of the legality and effectiveness of the union under a special background,the special status of the union chairman and the cooperative union-management relationship,and the rejection of the ritualization of the participation system and the functional respect by the various entities of the enterprise are an important background factor for the F mining company’s employee participation system to work.