PML在慢性髓系白血病中的表达及临床意义

Expression of PML in chronic myeloid leukemia and its clinical significance

早幼粒细胞白血病主要是由PML/RARα始动突变所致的急性白血病,PML位于15号染色体上,C末端外显子形成多种核型结构和一种细胞质结构。其中一种PML核体,具有抗肿瘤生长和抗病毒活性。它是一种广谱肿瘤生长抑制因子。近年研究发现PML在对酪氨酸激酶抑制剂治疗和化疗耐药的慢性髓系白血病患者中高表达,提示其可能与慢性髓系白血病耐药和急变有关。一些下调PML基因的中药成分可能逆转耐药性,从而提高白血病细胞药物治疗的有效性。可为治疗慢性髓系白血病提供新的思路。

Promyelocytic leukemia is an acute leukemia mainly caused by initial mutation of promyelocytic leukemia retinoic acid receptor-α(PML-RARα).PML is located on chromosome 15,and C-terminal exons form multiple karyotypes and a cytoplasmic structure.One of the PML nucleosomes has anti-tumor growth and antiviral activity.It is a broad-spectrum tumor growth suppressor.Recent studies have found that PML is highly expressed in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML)who are resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors and chemotherapy,suggesting that it may be related to drug resistance and rapid change of chronic myeloid leukemia.Some traditional Chinese medicine components that down-regulate PML genes may reverse drug resistance,thereby improving the effectiveness of drug therapy for leukemia cells,so it can provide a new promise for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia.