椎-基底动脉扩张延长症的诊疗进展

Progress in diagnosis and treatment of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia

椎-基底动脉扩张延长症(vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia,VBD)是一种少见的后循环血管变异性病变。其发病机制尚不完全清楚,可能为遗传及先天性发育等因素引起的病变血管发育异常,血管壁结构缺陷、变薄,血管弹性张力下降,在血流的长期冲击下发生扩张和迂曲而形成。VBD临床表现差异很大,部分可无症状,有症状者多与其并发脑血管意外事件或局部占位压迫产生的症状有关。目前对VBD治疗的方法和效果总体上仍不满意,尚缺乏高质量的研究结果来指导。因此,目前对该病的认识仍不完全清楚,其流行病学、发病机理、诊断及治疗措施等需有待更进一步的研究。

Vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia(VBD) is a rare posterior circulation vascular variability. The pathogenesis is not completely clear. It may be caused by genetic and congenital development and other abnormalities in the development of blood vessels in the disease. The structure of the blood vessel wall is defective and thin, and the elasticity of the blood vessel is reduced. Dilation and tortuosity occur under the long-term impact of blood flow to form VBD.The clinical manifestations of VBD are very different, some of them may be asymptomatic, and those with symptoms are mostly related to the complications of cerebrovascular accidents or local space compression. At present, the methods and effects of VBD are generally unsatisfactory, and there is still a lack of high-quality research results for guideance. Therefore, the current understanding of the disease is still not completely clear, and its epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment measures need to be further studied.