公立学校办学体制改革的问题与对策研究——以B市公立中小学办学体制改革为例

Problems and Countermeasures of Public School Education System Reform Research:In the Case of B Municipal Public School

在教育领域,办学体制改革是具有重塑中国教育形态作用的奠基性工程。本研究主要采用访谈调查法,基于B市公立中小学办学体制改革的现状及问题等,访谈了16位不同类型公立中小学校的校长、中层干部及教育部领导。通过调研发现办学体制改革呈现出以政府主导的单一拨款模式为主,区县教委统一直接管理并实施督导评估和绩效考核,校长委派制校内竞聘制并存的新的特征。对学校的人事招聘自主权、教师退出机制、财务自主权、制度约束等方面出现的问题及原因进行分析。最后对公立学校办学体制改革提出推进管办评分离的现代教育治理模式,扩大学校办学自主权,完善教师退出机制,建立健全社会保障机制的建议。

In the field of education,the reform of school-running system is a foundational project that plays a crucial role in reshaping the educational form in China.This research mainly adopts interview survey method,based on the B city,presents situation and problems of public school education system reform,etc.,by interviewing the 16 different types of public primary and secondary school principals,middle managers and leaders of the Ministry of Education.Based on the investigation and summary of the current situation,the school-running system reform has presented some new features such as the single government-oriented allocation mode as the main mode,the district and county education commissions unified and direct management and the implementation of supervision and evaluation and performance evaluation,and the principal appointment system and inter-school competition system coexisting.Then from the perspective of school's personnel recruitment autonomy,teacher withdrawal mechanism,financial autonomy,system constraints and other aspects of the problem we made the analysis of the cause of such problems.Finally,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on the future path and strategy of public school system reform such as promoting the modern educational governance model of separation of management,expanding the autonomy of schools,improving the mechanism of teachers'withdrawal,and establishing a sound social security mechanism.