超声波处理对华南双季晚稻产量和稻米品质的影响

Effect of Ultrasonic Seed Treatment on Grain Yield and Quality of Double-Cropping Late Rice in South China

超声波是一种可改变植物种子生理性状的机械波,对水稻具有增产增效作用。本研究以杂交稻‘五丰优615’和常规稻‘粤农丝苗’为材料,采用双频率20 KHz和40 KHz超声波处理种子,以不采用超声波处理为对照,探讨超声波处理对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,超声波处理下,‘粤农丝苗’稻谷产量增加7.31%,达到显著水平;‘五丰优615’稻谷产量提高3.68%,未达到显著水平。每穗颖花数增加是超声波处理提高稻谷产量的主要原因。‘粤农丝苗’品质分析结果表明,超声波处理使稻米胶稠度、直链淀粉含量、蛋白质含量分别增加了14.4%、4.6%和4.3%(相对值),差异达显著水平(P<0.05),其它稻米品质指标无显著变化。

Ultrasonic wave,through imposing mechanical wave on plant seeds,can physiologically activate plant seeds and increase the grain yield of rice.In this study,dry seeds of hybrid rice variety‘Wufengyou 615’and conventional variety‘Yuenongsimiao’were treated with ultrasonic wave with frequencies of 20 KHz and 40 KHz for 1 min,with seeds of no exposure to ultrasonic wave as control.The grain yield and quality of rice were determined to evaluate their response to ultrasonic wave.Compared with that of control,the grain yield of‘Yuenongsimiao’was significantly increased by 7.31%,and grain yield of‘Wufengyou615’was increased by 3.68%under ultrasonic treatment.The increase of spikelet per panicle was the major reason for grain yield increase under ultrasonic treatment.The gel consistency,amylose content and protein content of‘Yuenongsimiao’were increased by 14.4%,4.6%and 4.3%respectively and other grain qualities were not changed significantly under ultrasonic treatment.