液态与固态酵素理化成分及抗氧化活性的研究

Physicochemical components and antioxidant activity ofliquid and solid Jiaosu

为了对比分析液态酵素与固态酵素这2类市场上常见的酵素产品的差异,以3种液态酵素和3种固态酵素为原料,对其理化成分、生物活性物质及其体外抗氧化活性进行了分析与比较。结果显示,液态酵素产品的总酸、还原糖、可溶性固形物、总酚、总黄酮、花青素含量均显著高于固态酵素,液态酵素超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活力较高,但差异很大,在193.23~1214.46 U/mL,显著高于固态酵素;2类酵素的蛋白酶、脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶活力均较低,液态酵素蛋白酶、脂肪酶活力显著高于固态酵素,而液态酵素几乎没有α-淀粉酶活力。不同酵素产品具有较强的抗氧化能力且差异较大,液态酵素1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除能力的IC 50值在5.65~21.08μL/mL,而固态酵素最小的IC50值为29.77μL/mL,液态酵素的抗氧化能力显著强于固态酵素。该研究为帮助人们了解不同状态的酵素产品品质,正确看待酵素产品提供了参考,对于促进酵素行业健康发展具有指导意义。

A comparative analysis was conducted between liquid and solid Jiaosu (a fermented product rich in enzymes and active components ) in physical-chemical compositions, bioactive substances, and antioxidant activities. The results showed that the contents of total acid, reducing sugar, soluble solids, total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and anthocyanin in liquid Jiaosu products were significantly higher than those in solid Jiaosu. The activity of superoxide dismutase in liquid Jiaosu was between 193.23-1 214.46 U/mL, which was significantly higher than that of the solid one. However, the two kinds of Jiaosu products had low protease, lipase, and α-amylase activity, while almost no α-amylase activity could be detected in liquid Jiaosu. Jiaosu products showed strong antioxidant capacity, and liquid Jiaosu exhibited remarkable DPPH radical scavenging capacity (IC50 values ranges from 5.65 to 21.08 μL/mL) which was stronger than solid Jiaosu (IC 50 >29.77 μL/mL).The result in here provided a reference to understand the quality of Jiaosu products in different physical states, which played a guideline in contributing to the healthy development of Jiaosu industry.