粗颗粒浮选技术与装备研究进展与趋势

Research Progress of Coarse Particle Flotation Technology and Equipment

矿物的粒度是影响矿物浮选的关键因素之一,粗颗粒浮选不仅对于缓解碎磨压力、节能降耗具有重大意义,而且有利于尾矿的资源化利用,为无尾或少尾矿山提供了新的解决方案,因此粗颗粒浮选对于绿色矿山建设意义重大。从颗粒表面特性基因和泡沫特性基因的角度出发,结合基因矿物加工工程的理念,综述了国内外对粗颗粒浮选技术与装备的研究进展,分别总结了机械搅拌式粗粒浮选、粗颗粒流化床浮选和泡沫中分选(SIF法)浮选技术的原理及其优势和不足。重点对影响粗颗粒浮选过程中的因素进行了探讨,明确了影响粗颗粒浮选的关键因素,常规浮选技术难以从根本上提升矿石分选的粒度上限,复合力场与浮选的结合为粗颗粒乃至超粗颗粒的浮选提供了可能,将推动矿物综合回收率的进一步提升和尾矿资源的高消纳综合利用。

The particle size of minerals is one of the key factors affecting mineral flotation.Coarse particle flotation is not only of great significance to alleviate grinding pressure and save energy and reduce consumption,but also conducive to the resource utilization of tailings,providing a new solution for tailless or less tailed mines.Therefore,coarse particle flotation is of great significance for the construction of green mines.In this paper,the research progress of coarse particle flotation tech⁃nology and equipment at home and abroad is reviewed from the perspective of particle surface characteristics and foam char⁃acteristics genes,combined with the idea of gene mineral processing engineering.The principles,advantages and disadvantag⁃es of mechanical stirring coarse particle flotation,coarse particle fluidized bed flotation and foam separation(SIF)flotation technology are summarized respectively.This paper mainly discusses the factors that affect the flotation process of coarse par⁃ticles,and defines the key factors that affect the flotation of coarse particles.Conventional flotation technology is difficult to fundamentally improve the upper limit of ore separation.The combination of composite force field and flotation provides the possibility for the flotation of coarse particles and even super coarse particles,which will further promote the comprehensive recovery of minerals and the high consumption and comprehensive utilization of tailings resources.