硫酸铵对蓝铜矿硫化浮选的影响及基因机理分析

Effects of Ammonium Sulfate on Sulfidization Flotation of Azurite and the Gene Mechanism Analysis

氧化铜矿物作为铜矿资源的重要组成部分,提高其开发利用技术对于铜矿资源的高效综合回收具有重要意义,蓝铜矿是重要的氧化铜矿物,但自然可浮性较差,通常采用硫化浮选。通过单矿物浮选试验,考察硫酸铵对蓝铜矿硫化浮选的影响。通过矿物表面丁基黄药吸附量分析药剂作用前后矿物表面元素种类和含量的变化,以及药剂在矿物表面吸附能的模拟计算,研究硫酸铵对蓝铜矿硫化浮选的活化机理。结果表明,硫酸铵用量为200 mg/L时使蓝铜矿硫化浮选回收率由44.15%(未添加时)增加至60.03%,矿物表面X射线光电子能谱分析表明,硫酸铵使蓝铜矿矿物表面铜和硫含量增加,碳和氧含量减少,改善矿物表面硫化效果,增加矿物表面疏水性和丁基黄药吸附量。Material studio模拟计算结果表明,硫酸铵降低了丁基黄药以及硫化剂在蓝铜矿表面的吸附能,增加了丁基黄药和硫化钠在矿物表面的吸附稳定性,对蓝铜矿的硫化浮选具有活化作用。

As the important part of copper ore resources,improving development and utilization technologies of copper oxide minerals is of great significance for efficient and comprehensive recovery of copper resources.Azurite is important cop⁃per oxide mineral,while the floatability is poor,usually by sulfide flotation to recover it.The effects of ammonium sulfate on the sulfidization flotation of azurite has been investigated using monomineral flotation experiments.The activation mechanism of ammonium sulfate on azurite sulfidization flotation was studied by the analysis of the adsorption energy calculation of the reagents on the mineral surface,the changes of elements type and contents on mineral surfaces both before and after interac⁃tion with buthy xanthate.The results showed that the recovery of azurite was increased to 60.03%with the 200 mg/L ammoni⁃um sulfate from 44.15%of no ammonium sulfate.After the addition of ammonium sulfate,the relative contents of copper and sulfur on mineral surface were increased,and the relative contents of carbon and oxygen were reduced,the sulfidization and hydrophobicity of mineral surface were improved,facilitating the adsorption of butyl xanthate.The calculation results ob⁃tained from Material Studio indicted that the adsorption energy of HS-ions and C4H9OCSS-ions on azurite surface decreased after the adding of ammonium sulfate,the adsorption stability of butyl xanthate and sodium sulfide on the azurite surface was increased,which had an activation effect on the sulfidization flotation of azurite.