性别比失衡下青年婚恋观及其影响因素--来自广东省的证据

The Youth′s Attitudes toward Love and Marriage and Its Influence Factors under the Sex Ratio Imbalance--Evidence from Guangdong Province

自计划生育政策实施以来,我国人口出生性别比明显偏高。出生性别比的严重失调容易导致越来越多的男性青年无法找到配偶,造成"婚姻挤压"现象。婚姻的缔结是组成家庭的重要纽带,而青年的婚恋观决定着他们的婚姻抉择。因此,基于性别比失衡分析青年的婚恋观及其影响因素较具有现实意义。因子分析表明青年婚恋观可以提炼为择偶标准、婚姻态度、夫妻地位、性爱道德和婚姻价值五个因子。多元逐步回归分析表明个人的性别、常住地、受教育程度、情感状况以及性别失衡程度的差异对于青年婚恋观具有显著影响。基于此,建议缓解并协调女性角色冲突、加强社会舆论导向、注重婚恋过程中的自我管理以及积极调动多方主体力量的参与。

Since the implementation of one-child policy,the sex ratio at birth in the population is obviously high.A serious imbalance in the sex ratio at birth could lead to an increasing number of young men unable to find a spouse,resulting in a"marriage squeeze"phenomenon.The conclusion of marriage is an important link to make up the family,and the youth′s attitudes toward love and marriage determine their marital choice.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to analyze the youth′s attitudes toward love and marriage and its influence factors based on the imbalance of sex ratio.Factor analysis shows that the youth′s attitudes toward love and marriage can be distilled into five factors,such as mate-selection criteria,marital attitude,family status,sexual morality and marriage value.By using multiple stepwise regression analysis,the results show that the differences in individual gender,permanent residence,education level,emotional condition and degree of gender imbalance have a significant impact on youth′s attitudes toward love and marriage.Based on this,it is suggested to alleviate and coordinate the female role conflict,strengthen the guidance of public opinion,pay attention to self-management in the process of love and marriage,and actively mobilize the participation of multiple main forces.