生态系统服务功能与景观格局耦合协调度研究——以武陵山区退耕还林工程为例

Coupled coordination of ecosystem services and landscape patterns: Take the Grain for Green Project in the Wuling Mountain Area as an example

生态系统服务功能与景观格局演变关系极为密切,研究生态系统服务功能与景观格局的耦合协调度对于区域发展具有重要意义。以武陵山区退耕还林工程为例,参照国家标准和行业标准,采用分布式测算方法、景观格局指数分析和耦合协调度模型等方法,旨在揭示武陵山区退耕还林工程生态系统服务功能与景观格局二者耦合协调关系。结果表明:(1)2005—2017年间武陵山区退耕还林工程各项生态服务功能物质量均以15倍左右速度增长,生态系统服务空间分布格局最佳区域由西部地区逐渐向东南扩大;(2)武陵山区景观演变存在时空差异,1995—2005年景观格局变化更为明显,变化区域集中在中西部地区,2005—2015年与之相比,景观格局变化空间上更为分散;(3)武陵山区退耕还林工程生态系统服务与景观格局演变存在较高水平的耦合以及高水平的协调性。研究结果可为武陵山区土地利用规划及退耕还林工程进一步实施提供科学依据。

Ecosystem service function is closely related to landscape pattern evolution. Studying the coupling and coordination of ecosystem service function and landscape patterns is of great significance to regional development. Using Grain for Green Project(GGP) in the Wuling Mountain area, the distributed calculation method, landscape pattern index analysis, and coupled coordination model were adopted for the study. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the coupling and coordination between the ecosystem service function and landscape pattern of the area. The results showed that:(1) The quality of various ecological service functions of GGP increased significantly from 2005 to 2017. For example, the most significant increase in the quality of the nutriments accumulation function increased by 5.51 ×10~4t/a, about 18 times of the previous. The least significant increase in the quality of the solid soil functional materials was 4404.73 ×10~4t/a, about 17 times as much as before. The best spatial distribution patterns of the ecosystem services gradually expanded from the west to the south-east.(2) Time and space differences exist in the landscape evolution. The landscape patterns changed conspicuously, with changes concentrated in the central and western regions from 1995 to 2005.(3) There is a high level of coupling and coordination between GGP ecosystem services and landscape pattern evolution in Wuling Mountaina. The results can provide a scientific basis for land-use planning and GGP implementation in the Wuling Mountain area.