新发现宝卷《唐王游地狱》考述

Study of the Newly Discovered Precious Volume of Tang Wang’s Journey to Hell

濮阳县档案馆藏宝卷《唐王游地狱》,可能是受民间教派东大乘教--清茶门教影响下的某一支派所诵经卷。从文本来看,濮阳本所述故事接近于平话本《西游记》中的"梦斩泾河龙",而迥异于李建成、李元吉索命的故事,其中的文字变异与改编自《西游记》的宝卷具有一致性,一些情节上的漏洞或许是删改《西游记》而未尽的痕迹。因此,濮阳本很可能是根据《西游记》相关故事改编而成,并加进了民间教派的布道内容。宝卷与西游故事的有机融合,体现了深厚的文化意蕴:明代前期可能存在宝卷本《西游记》,《西游记》中的内丹修炼思想与宝卷异曲同工,宝卷常常借助游地狱情节来达到劝善惩恶的目的。

Puyang County Archives’precious volume of Tang Wang’s Journey to Hell is not known by the academic circles,and no scholars have studied it.It is a scripture chanted by a branch of Qingchamen sect under the influence of East Mahayana sect,a folk sect.The name"king of Dharma"refers to Wang Sen,the founder of East Mahayana sect.Wang Sen’s descendants once preached in the north of Henan Province.The teachings revealed in the book are consistent with those of East Mahayana sect,Qingchamen sect.It comes from the novel Journey to the West,but it is a sermon of folk sects.The story of Tang Wang’s Journey to Hell and other precious volumes take the story of journey to the west as the material of persuasion,which has its own cultural origin:firstly,it wants to borrow the imperial power for self-respect;secondly,the story of the journey to the west has a long history,and its spread forms a kind of cultural inertia;thirdly,the idea of Inner Alchemy cultivation in the story of journey to the west is the same as that of the story of journey to hell;fourthly,the plot of Tang Wang’s journey to hell is a regular part of the story of journey to the west.