基层医疗卫生机构医疗服务能力态势分析及提升对策研究

Strategies for improving medical service ability of primary medical and health institutions based on SWOT analysis

目的:了解国内基层医疗机构医疗服务能力发展现状及存在的问题,为其能力提升提供参考价值。方法:通过收集2015-2018年国家卫生统计年鉴相关数据,采用描述性分析与态势分析方法,发现基层医疗卫生机构提升医疗服务能力的优势、劣势、机会与威胁。结果:基层医疗机构医疗服务能力较低,但也拥有方便可及负担轻、家庭医生服务及特色中医药服务的优势,却也存在设备先进性低、卫生技术人才短缺且诊疗能力有限与群众信任度低等劣势;不仅迎来国家诸多政策支持及建立分级诊疗体系的帮扶等机遇,还面临行政用人管控、医保总额控制和基本药物制度限制等挑战。结论:国内基层医疗机构提升医疗服务能力还有许多问题需要解决,国家的扶持和基层医疗机构自身变革都很关键。

Objective:To understand the status quo and existing problems of the development of medical service capabilities in primary health care institutions in China to provide reference value for their ability improvement.Methods:Through the collection of relevant data of the National Health Statistics Yearbook for the past 5 years,descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis methods were used to discover the advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and threats of improving the medical service capacity of grassroots medical and health institutions in China.Results:China's primary medical institutions have lower medical service capabilities,but they also have the advantages of convenient and affordable,family doctor services and special Chinese medicine services.There are also low equipment advancement,shortage of health technical talents,limited medical treatment capacity and trust of the masses.Low degree and other disadvantages;not only ushered in many national policy support and the establishment of a grading diagnosis and treatment system,but also faced the challenges of administrative personnel control,total medical insurance control and basic drug system restrictions.Conclusion:There are still many problems to be solved in improving the medical service capacity of primary medical institutions in China.The support of the state and the reform of the primary medical institutions are crucial.